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2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 19(1): 1-7, Jan-Feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741247

ABSTRACT

Background: the impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) on lung function is well known and associated with a reduction in pulmonary ventilation. Moreover, the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased muscle strength. However, there is scarce information about the factors associated with inspiratory muscle weakness in these patients. Objective: the purpose of the present study was to investigate the factors associated with inspiratory muscle weakness in patients with HIV-1. Methods: two-hundred fifty seven patients with HIV-1 were screened and categorized into two groups: (1) IMW+ (n = 142) and (2) IMW-(n = 115). Lung function (FEV1, FVC and FEV1 /FVC), maximum inspiratory pressure, distance on the six-minute walk test and CD4 cell count were assessed. Results: the mean duration of HIV infection was similar in the two groups. The following variables were significantly different between groups: mean duration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (81 ± 12 in IMW+ versus 38 ± 13 months in IMW-; p = 0.01), and CD4 cell count (327 ± 88 in IMW+ versus 637 ± 97 cells/mm3 in IMW-; p = 0.02). IMW+ presented reduced lung function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC). Conclusion: patients with IMW+ had lower distance on the six-minute walk test in comparison to the IMW- group. The duration of highly active antiretroviral therapy, distance traveled on the 6MWT and CD4 count were determinants of IMW in patients with HIV. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/physiopathology , Muscle Weakness/physiopathology , Respiratory Muscles/physiopathology , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Exercise Test , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV-1 , Random Allocation , Respiratory Function Tests , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Viral Load
4.
Textos contextos (Porto Alegre) ; 12(2): 221-234, jul.-dez. 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742364

ABSTRACT

We will discuss the new determinations of the degradation of work in the historical conditions of the 21st century. Thus, considering the determinations of the structural value appreciation crisis and the prevalence of machinefacture as a new form of capital production, the degradation of work sets itself not only as wage degradation but also as existential degradation, changing the historical records of the social issue in the 21st century. We will briefly explain the concepts of global capitalism, machinefacture, structural value appreciation crisis, existential degradation, just-in-time way of life, and ideological work.


O objetivo do texto é expor as novas determinações da precarização do trabalho nas condições históricas do século XXI. Deste modo, tendo em vista as determinações da crise estrutural de valorização do valor e a vigência da maquinofatura como nova forma de produção do capital, a precarização do trabalho põe-se não apenas como precarização salarial, mas precarização existencial, alterando os registros históricos da questão social no século XXI. Explicaremos, de modo sucinto, o significado dos conceitos de capitalismo global, maquinofatura, crise estrutural de valorização do valor, precarização existencial, modo de vida just in time e trabalho ideológico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Capitalism , Work
5.
Textos contextos (Porto Alegre) ; 12(2): 235-248, jul.-dez. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-742378

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do texto é expor as novas determinações da precarização do trabalho nas condições históricas do século XXI. Deste modo, tendo em vista as determinações da crise estrutural de valorização do valor e a vigência da maquinofatura como nova forma de produção do capital, a precarização do trabalho põe-se não apenas como precarização salarial, mas precarização existencial, alterando os registros históricos da questão social no século XXI. Explicaremos, de modo sucinto, o significado dos conceitos de capitalismo global, maquinofatura, crise estrutural de valorização do valor, precarização existencial, modo de vida just in time e trabalho ideológico.


We will discuss the new determinations of the degradation of work in the historical conditions of the 21st century. Thus, considering the determinations of the structural value appreciation crisis and the prevalence of machinefacture as a new form of capital production, the degradation of work sets itself not only as wage degradation but also as existential degradation, changing the historical records of the social issue in the 21st century. We will briefly explain the concepts of global capitalism, machinefacture, structural value appreciation crisis, existential degradation, just-in-time way of life, and ideological work.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Capitalism , Work
6.
Cad. psicol. soc. trab ; 11(2): 223-239, dez. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-510355

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do ensaio é desvelar os mecanismos internos da lógica do toyotismo como nova ideologia orgânica do controle da força de trabalho e do trabalho vivo no capitalismo global. O toyotismo torna a exploração do capital mais consensual, envolvente e manipulatória. A constituição dos novos consentimentos espúrios exigidos pelo método toyota ocorre por um intenso processo de manipulação da subjetividade do trabalho vivo (que é o conteúdo da "captura" da subjetividade). A lógica manipulatória do toyotismo sob o lastro das inovações sócio-metabólicas atinge as dimensões do psiquismo humano. Apresentamos os conceitos de "inconsciente estendido" e "compressão psico-corporal" como lastro categoriais explicativos importantes da nova dinâmica psicossocial do capitalismo manipulatório.


Our objective is to watch the internal mechanisms of the logic of the toyotism as new organic ideology of the control of the manpower in the global capitalism. The toyotism turns the exploration of the capital more consensual, involving, and manipulatory. The constitution of the new spurious consents demanded by the toyota method happens for an intense process of manipulation of the subjectivity of the work (that is the content of the "capture" of the subjectivity). The manipulatory logic of the toyotism under the ballast of the partner-metabolic innovations reaches the dimensions of the human psyche. We present the concepts of "extended unconscious" and "psycocorporal compression" as important explanatory categories of the new social-psychologic dynamics of the global capitalism.


Subject(s)
Capitalism , Efficiency, Organizational , Psychoanalysis , Stress, Psychological , Work/psychology
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